Pickoff Overview

This pickoff rescue overview involves rescuing a climber, hiker, or subject from various angles and terrains, particularly on less-than-vertical slopes. While these environments may appear less hazardous than high-angle rescues, they often pose unique challenges and risks. Statistically, more injuries and fatalities occur on low- to mid-angle slopes, and these rescues often require just as many technicians as high-profile vertical rescues.

Pickoff rescues are attractive for technical rope rescuers because the rescuer is often “powered” by the system, significantly reducing the hazards compared to unpowered rescues. Proper preparation, rigging, and execution are essential for safety and success.

Rigging Considerations for a Pickoff Rescue

1. System Placement
   • Rig the system above and slightly to the side of the victim to prevent dislodging debris onto them.
   • Use a fixed rappel line for a single rescuer operation or a two-tensioned rope system for team-based rescues.
   • The belay system must support a two-person load to accommodate both the rescuer and the patient.
2. Rescuer Attachment
   • The rescuer should be attached to both system lines.
   • Carry a pickoff strap and a victim harness.
   • Clip the pickoff strap into line one (rappel device). Avoid attaching the pickoff strap directly to the rescuer’s harness.
   • Bring head protection (helmet) for the patient if they do not already have one.

Related Reading: Rescue Rope Frequently Asked Questions

Key Considerations for Performing a Pickoff

Successful pickoff rescues require a combination of technical skill, situational awareness, and appropriate equipment. Rescuers must prepare for a wide range of variables. The following elements are critical:

1. Gear Selection
   • Use equipment that meets the specific requirements of the rescue environment.
   • Double-check all harnesses, carabiners, pickoff straps, and rigging systems.
2. Knot and Hitch Proficiency
   • Rescuers must have immediate recall (“top of mind”) of essential knots and hitches such as:
     • Figure 8 on a bight
     • Prusik hitch
     • Clove hitch
     • Munter hitch
3. Rigging Skills
   • Rig appropriately for the environment (low-angle, high-angle, or vertical).
   • Be familiar with:
     • Fixed rappel systems
     • High-angle lowering systems
     • Two-tensioned rope systems
     • Belay systems

Explore More: Rescue Rope Construction

4. Communication
   • Maintain clear and concise communication with the team and the subject.
   • Use standardized commands and hand signals.
5. Equipment Knowledge
   • Understand the capabilities and proper functions of all equipment being used.
6. Vertical Techniques
   • Rescuers must demonstrate proficiency in:
     • Descending and ascending systems
     • Tie-offs and changeovers
     • Managing weight transitions while accessing the patient.

Further Reading: A Rescue Rope and Cord Overview

7. System Familiarity
   • Technicians should have systems proficiency embedded in their motor memory, including:
     • High-angle lowering systems
     • Raising systems (mechanical advantage)
     • Belay systems
   • Conduct thorough safety checks and operate systems with confidence.
8. Climber Rescue Skills
   • Personal rescue skills, including direct rescuer-patient connections, are essential for climber pickoffs.

Selection and Approach

Pickoff decisions are guided by a mix of observable clues (facts) and non-observable clues (conjecture). Rescuers must rely on their experience and situational awareness to make informed decisions in dynamic environments. Key considerations include:

• Suspended or Not? Is the subject already hanging on the rope, or are they perched and at risk of suspension?
• Clinging Position The subject may not yet be suspended but could become so soon.
• Injured or Not? Assess the severity of injuries and prioritize patient safety.
• Conscious or Unconscious? Determine the patient’s state:
  • Conscious and able to communicate
  • Semi-conscious or in shock
  • Fully unconscious
• Hazards Identify and address hazards:
  • Falling debris
  • Terrain stability
  • Weather conditions
  • Contaminants or environmental risks
• Number of Subjects
  • Is there a single victim, or are multiple subjects requiring rescue?

Key Takeaways for Pickoff Rescues

• Proper rigging placement is critical to minimize hazards to the victim.
• Rescuers must master vertical skills, systems operation, and communication.
• Decision-making combines observable facts and experience-based conjecture.
• Equipment selection, knot proficiency, and system familiarity are the foundation of a successful pickoff.
• Always prioritize safety and patient care while addressing hazards and environmental challenges.

Learn More: Rescue Rope FAQs

Peace on Your Days
Lance