Team-Based Pickoff Rescue

For a team-based pickoff rescue, the mechanical advantage (MA) system is rigged at the top by the team. A ganged-on system is often needed to raise the load effectively. Once the victim has been freed from their system, the team-based MA is used to lower the victim onto the pickoff strap, allowing for a controlled transfer of weight.

Solo Pickoff Rescue

In a solo rescue pickoff, the mechanical advantage system must be rigged by the rescuer. There are multiple ways to accomplish this:

• Pulley Systems: Using a simple 2:1 mechanical advantage with the moving pulley attached at the victim can unweight the victim’s system.
• AZTEK System: An AZTEK system works well as both a victim unweighting tool and a primary attachment point.

Note: Whenever possible, performing the rescue from above (lowering to the subject) is preferred due to safety and operational security.

Rescuing From Above

In some scenarios, it may be possible for the rescuer to descend (and ascend) a fixed rope under their own power. While this approach offers speed and simplicity, it does raise questions of safety and risk. The decision to allow a solo descent is ultimately up to the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).

Rescue teams are made up of individuals with varying skill levels, and some team members may be highly proficient in rope access skills. This is particularly relevant in mountain rescue and search and rescue (SAR) operations, where time, terrain, and rigging resources are limited. In such cases, decisions must adapt in an instant to reflect the real-world environment.

We will discuss “suspension rescue” further in another section, as it remains the backbone of rope access rescue skill sets.

The Pickoff Rescue: An Overview

The term pickoff rescue refers to the process where a single rescuer accesses a subject in a high-angle environment, removes them from the unstable environment, and relocates them to a position of stability and safety. While this process typically involves a team, it can also be performed solo.

Methods of Pickoff Rescue

1. Pickoff by Descent

• The rescuer rappels to the subject under their own power.
• Advantages:
  • Requires fewer rescuers.
  • Reduced need for extensive communication.
• Disadvantages:
  • Mistakes are harder to correct.
  • Greater physical and mental pressure on the rescuer.

2. Pickoff by Lowering

• The rescuer is lowered to the subject by a team-based system.
• Advantages:
  • Rescuer’s hands remain free for critical tasks.
  • Additional rescuers can provide support.
• Disadvantages:
  • Requires more personnel and gear.
  • Communication and coordination must be precise.

When to Use Pickoff Rescue Techniques

Pickoff rescue techniques are appropriate in the following situations:

• A single rescuer can safely perform the rescue.
• Limited resources (personnel, time, or equipment) are available.
• The benefits of immediate action outweigh the risks involved.

Examples of Pickoff Scenarios:

• A firefighter’s egress is blocked.
• Equipment malfunction leaves a worker suspended.
• An ill-equipped worker requires rescue.
• A climber becomes incapacitated.
• A subject is paralyzed by fear in a dangerous environment.

Pickoff Rescues: Challenges and Focus

Pickoff rescues bring together systemology, teamwork, communication, and concentration. However, the wildcard is fear. Fear of heights, while rarely admitted, can impact rescuers significantly. Being suspended in space or rappelling under solo conditions can test even the most experienced technician.

When the subject becomes a patient (due to injury, unconsciousness, or other emergencies), the level of urgency escalates, and priorities shift. Medical considerations may dictate immediate action, turning “what should be” into “what is.”

Critical Considerations for a Successful Pickoff

1. Teamwork and Communication
   • Use consistent and clear communication methods:
     • Radio Communication
     • Voice Commands
     • Hand Signals
     • Whistle Signals
2. Rescuer Safety
   • Always prioritize Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
   • Ensure systems are checked, tested, and secure.
3. Focus and Mental Preparedness
   • Maintain a sound mind and concentrate on the immediate task.
   • Be prepared to adapt as the situation changes.

Final Thoughts

Pickoff rescues are essential skills in technical rope rescue. Whether team-based or solo, they require precision, skill, and mental preparedness. Rescuers must balance systems proficiency, situational awareness, and communication to ensure success while adapting to unpredictable conditions.

When executed effectively, pickoff rescues demonstrate the intersection of technical expertise, team cohesion, and human resilience.

Related Articles:

• Rescue Rope Construction
• Rescue Rope Frequently Asked Questions
• A Rescue Rope and Cord Overview

Title: Pickoff Rescue Techniques

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